It is shiny, hard and brittle metal, that is easy to break. Physical CharacteristicsĬhromium is steel-gray in color.
The annual production of chromite is about 28.8 million metric tons, which is primarily being used in the production of steel. Russia has deposits of the rare native form of chromium in Udachnaya Pipe, from which native chromium and diamonds are extracted. The largest producer of chromite is South Africa, followed by India, Brazil, Turkey, Finland and Kazakhstan. Volcanic activities also play important role in the distribution of chromium. Chromium is released in the environment by erosion of rocks that contain chromium. Chromite is the principal source of chromium that is used in pigments, worldwide. It is present in form of various ores, and the most common ore is iron chromium oxide FeCr 2 O 4, which is termed as chromite. Ĭhromium is the 13 th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. Chromium has a distinct shine and forms various compounds in different colors that include green, purple, black, yellow, and orange. The name was given to this metal as it exists in diverse colors and was suggested by, Antoine Francois de Fourcroy (1755-1809) and René-Just Haüy (1743-1822). The name chromium has been derived from Greek word, chroma, which means color. Later, chromium was discovered as a novel, and isolated metal by Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin in 1797. History and DiscoveryĬhromium was initially discovered in red crystalline mineral form, known Siberian red lead, by Johann Gottlob Lehmann (1766). It has a shiny surface that is resistant to corrosion and this quality makes its ideal for manufacturing and coating of wide range of material, including cars and bikes. Some chromium compounds are considered poisonous.Chromium is a transition metal that was discovered by Gottlob Lehmann in 1766.Other big producers include Turkey and India. About half of all chromite ore is currently produced in southern Africa.The Qin Dynasty of Ancient China used chromium oxide to coat and protect their weapons.Rubies get their red color from small traces of chromium.This name was chosen because the element can form so many different colored compounds.Ĭhromium has four stable isotopes that occur in nature including 50Cr, 52Cr, 53Cr, and 54Cr with the majority of the chromium found in nature being 52Cr. He later isolated the element and gave it its name.Ĭhromium gets its name from the Greek word "chroma" meaning color. Other applications for chromium include wood preservatives, tanning, as catalysts in industrial production, and magnets.Ĭhromium was discovered by French chemist Nicolas L. Many school busses are painted in chrome yellow. One of the most popular colors made from chrome is yellow. It also provides corrosion protection.īecause chromium compounds come in such a variety of colors, it has also been used as a pigment in paints. Chromium is also used to produce superalloys with nickel that are used in jet engines.Īnother popular application for chromium is as a shiny silver coating on metallic surfaces.
Stainless steel is strong and resistant to corrosion. One of the most important chromium alloys is produced when chromium is mixed with steel to make stainless steel. The main ore that is mined for the production of chromium is cromite.Ĭhromium is often mixed with other metals to make alloys. It is mostly found in ores scattered throughout the Earth's crust where it is about the twenty-fourth most abundant element.
#Chrome periodic table free
These include chromium(III) oxide (green), lead chromate (yellow), anhydrous chromium(III) chloride (purple), and chromium trioxide (red).Ĭhromium is only found rarely as a free element in nature. It will not react with water.Ĭhromium is known for its many colorful compounds. Chromium can be polished to achieve a shiny mirror-like finish that is resistant to corrosion.įor a metal, chromium is fairly active and will react with many other metals as well as with oxygen. When it is exposed to air a thin layer of chromium oxide forms over the surface which protects the metal from further reaction with the air. Under standard conditions chromium is a hard silvery metal with a bluish tint.
Chromium atoms have 24 electrons and 24 protons with the most abundant isotope having 28 neutrons. Chromium is the first element in the sixth column of the periodic table.
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